The village of Barbens is cited in the acts for the consecration of the church of Guissona (1099). Initially, the jurisdiction belonged to the Gardeny Templar Order. However, when this Order acquired the castle of Barbens in 1166, a new independent Order of Barbens was formed, headed by Ramon de Barrufell, ancient Lord of the castle.
When the whole Order of the Templars and their knights were eliminated from Europe in 1308, the castel's command was taken by the Hospital Order.
Since 2005, The Templars Festival is celebrated the third weekend of October and it is a wonderful occasion to remember the village glorious medieval past. The Festival, organised by a research group (Grup de Recerques de les Terres de Ponent), welcomes a medieval fair, historical conferences about Templars and Hospitalers and historical re-enactment shows. These are the most frequently recreated scenes:
These representations are possible thanks to the will and effort of Barbenys' neighbours and associations. Scripts have been written by historians Josep M. Sans Travé and Josep Canela Farré, musical arrangements by Josep M. Salisi Clos and artistic direction is by Mercè Mateu.